How to time travel

Notice that while you are reading this sentence you are  time traveling, actually about 2 seconds in the future.

Since Stein developed the Theory of Relativity, we know that time is not the Universe background in which the events occur. Instead of it, it’s a dimension that presents the traditional deepness, high, and width that we are all used to.

In the same way we are able to walk on one side and on the other of a spatial dimension, we are also able to walk on time. It happens that different from what is seen in other dimensions, while traveling through the time there is no possible way to choose which direction to follow.

Believing or not, time passes by slower to Rubinho Barichello on the road than to us watching on the bleachers. But the difference is extremely small, in practice there is no difference.

Travel to the future is, actually, very simple. You just have to acelerate on the space and BUM! You’re in the future! The theory of relativity shows us that if we run very fast, weird things happen to us, we would   be heavier and the time would pass slower (we even can't realize because it’s too subtle the period of time). When traveling in rhythms that begins to be compared to the speed of light, this difference starts to be more notable yielding the classic example of the trip to the future, known as the Twin Paradox.

Imagine two identical twins. One of they is recruited to be an astronaut and go to a experimental flight in a spatial craft able to achieve 50% of the speed of light! He leaves, goes to Alpha Centauri (the nearest star outside our solar system, a few light years away) and come back, a journey of 16 years. When he returns, surprise: his twin brother is now an elderly, dying, as he aged only the time of the trip.

What happens is that while the time passes by slower to the astronaut brother, the brother in the Earth was getting older. Then it’s possible to see the impressive variance between the twins age, that can be considered as a trip to the future made by the astronaut.

There are many physical arguments that suggests the infeasibility of returning to the past. We can cite, just to be started, that a trip like this would violate laws of conservation of matter and energy and that would probably require the implementation of a crossing that would be faster than the light to happen.

Although, the scientists already finded out , using Theory of Relativity, ways to dodge these difficulties and imagine time machines that, at least in principle, would work.

The wormhole is the blackhole exotic brother, if you want to travel in the past it’s the only way possible. Here is the theory: with the wormhole you can go far away as if it was close, but if the wormhole changes the space the time changes too. There are a lot of things that the scientists need to know and understand before beginning the experiences.

If you don’t believe in time travel you need to know the example of a man, he says and belivies to be from the future. The FBI  arrested him for earning a bunch of money in the stock exchange, when they asked him his answer was: “I’ve traveled in the time".                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       

THE IMMORTAL JELLYFISH

We're not really talking about Wolverine. It's all about a jellysifh  called Turritopses nutricula  that simply will never die by natural causes. Its regeneration capacity is so powerful tha it would only pass away if it was completely mangled.

This immortal jellyfish was first discovered by accident by the german marine biology student Christian Sommer, in 1998.

The regular jellyfishs' life expectancy is about hours or months and, extremely rarely, years. How can the immortal jellyfish cheat this system?

Turritopsis dohrnii - The Immortal Jellyfish

Sommer realized the jellyfish simply refused to die, regressing to its initial stage of development until restart its life cycle again, successively, like it had been suffered a reverse aging.

We don't need to worry about an immortal jellyfish invasion that will reproduce like crazy and populate the seven seas -  they are far from invincible. In the polyp stage they are very vulnerable and there are a lot of predators. Nevertheless they are still the only animals on the planet who can return to their immature stage and "begin your journey" again.

Resources:  http://www.hypeness.com.br/2013/02/essa-agua-viva-e-o-unico-animal-imortal-do-planeta/
http://hypescience.com/27905-o-unico-animal-imortal-da-terra/

Why colorblind people see different?

Color blindness is characterized by the inability to distinguish some or all colors. Color blind people have a genetic change in the photoreceptors (cells that receive light). This change makes them fail to distinguish certain eletromagnetic wavelengths. These photoreceptors cells are called cone in wich it's found in the retina. 

The human has three types of cones: The first responds to light of longer wavelengths, reaching a red color, this type is designated L (Long). The second responds to light to medium wavelength  peaking at green in color, and is abbreviated M (Medium).The third type responds to short-wavelength light, blue in color, and is designated S (Short). 

If the color blind has a ''defect'' in the cone L, for example, the person can't distinguish right wavelength associated with the red color.

So if you have some difficult to distinguish the colors, you must go to your ophthalmologist!



Resources:
http://super.abril.com.br/blogs/oraculo/por-que-daltonicos-enxergam-diferente/
http://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cone_(c%C3%A9lula)
http://www.minhavida.com.br/saude/temas/daltonismo

How to know if a person is lying

According to a recent research, it's necessary just about  20 seconds to realize if a stranger is trustable or not.  The studies show that 60% of people that were regarded  less trustable don't present a certain receptor gene, the GG, which function is controling compassion and emphatya.

The receptor gene is reponsable for controling the oxytocin hormone levels in the body, since older researches highlight that the hormone is connected to confidence, emphatya and generosity feelings, 90% of people who carried the gene were considered trustable.



Due to some signals, identifying a liar is much simpler than you might imagine. According to Marc Salem, a psychologist, you should look for:

1- Inconscient behavior

You should repair if the person shifts the behavior while talking with you. For instance, if the person is too quiet and suddenly becomes enthusiastic.

2- Stare her/him eyes

If the person often breaks the eye contact, it's a signal that he/she is not hearing you or is trying to get your confidence.

3- Hide the mouth

It might be a signal if the person coughs quite often or any other gesture that implies hiding the mouth, according to Salem, it indicates that the person hides something.

4- Quick smile

It's easy to idetify if a person is showing you a genuine smile, on the other hand, a false smile appears in a second and disappears just in another.

Resource: http://hypescience.com/como-identificar-um-mentiroso/

Why our planet is called Earth?

I bet you have asked yourself this question once, even when a child. If you asked you mother and she told you: "because yes", now you're finally going to find out the answer. Even our planet being almost entirely (70%) covered by water, it's still its name "Earth". Some centuries ago, there was no information about Earth's geography. People even used to think the planet was a square. I can tell there was no chance to travel all around the world to discover that 70% is water. They used to call Earth the place where was located their habitation. The word comes from latin ters, and it means human life. Every location possible to be habitated was called earth. As you can tell, the term has been world wide spreaded and it's how you call your home nowadays. Furthermore, if all the water is pulled together as a sphere and a comparison is made between the earth proportion and the water sphere, there would be no doubts about the small portion of water that exists in our planet.

Why when I see a person yawning I yawn too?

Try this: when you are in a  crowded room, yawn and see how will be other people reactions.
If most  people in the room yawn, don't worry, they're not trying to imitate you. This 

chain reaction has an explanation. 

According to Débora Hipólide, from Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp),  the yawn is a primitive way of comunication to tell the group peers that the weather is about to change. The contagion was usually understood as message receivement, in other words,  your peers got the message.

To some vertebrate ancestral, it was the yawn that meant "attention, predator around", " it's about to rain" or "it's bed time". Moreover, in the period, the yawn was often responsable for synchronize the action.

Oliveira, from Unifesp, highlights that a well renowned theory explains that the fault is on the mirror neurons. The cells record our behavior in front of some situations. Our future behavior will be based on these cells memory.

Resource:
http://noticias.terra.com.br/educacao/voce-sabia/por-que-o-bocejo-e-quotcontagiosoquot,e018c087e60ea310VgnCLD200000bbcceb0aRCRD.html

http://mundoestranho.abril.com.br/materia/por-que-quando-uma-pessoa-boceja-a-outra-boceja-tambem

Why the orange is called orange and the lemon is not called green?

 Have you ever asked yourself, at least once in lifetime, where and how did the things' names were originated? If you said yes, welcome aboard! It's this post ( the first one), that will make a shift about the way you see the orange (fruit). Have you ever asked yourself why the orange is called orange and the lemon is not called green?  We'll answer your question according to our research.

Being clear, the first lemon identified was found in Persia, at the time it was called  LIMUN, which meaning is citrus fruit. The colour green was originated when the primitives watched the plants. That's why the name difference between the colour and the fruit.

 However, to get to the point, our focus is the orange.

 Orange (fruit): The word was firs called naranj (نرنج)  by the arabs due to the persian version narensh ((نارنج, which in its turn, was derivatived from the sanskrit (नारंग). Furthermore, the name is highlitghed by  etymologists as a variation of arabs' word tangêr (tangerine).

Orange (colour):  A long time ago, when the arabs returned from Europe with a load of oranges, they associated the fruit's name with the colour. Before the associantion, there was no name to the colour. In the medieval latin is possible to find the term aurantius, related to the word aureum, gold. As well as the medieval latin, in the old english was common to find the word geoluread, traslated to the modern english, yellow-red.

                   




References:

http://www.muitointeressante.com.br/pq/perguntas/pq-laranja-chama-laranja-e-limao-nao-chama-verde
http://www.abraiante.net/2013/11/que-laranja-foi-primeiro-cor-ou-fruta.html